Type test details for general gantry cranes

Article 1: Purpose and Scope of Application

These detailed rules are formulated in accordance with the “Type Test Procedures for Hoisting Machinery (Trial)” and relevant national standards to standardize and improve the quality of type testing for general-purpose gantry cranes. These rules apply to type testing of gantry cranes operating in general environments, including general-purpose gantry cranes, electric hoist gantry cranes, shipbuilding gantry cranes, rail-mounted container gantry cranes, quayside container gantry cranes, hydropower station gantry cranes, universal mast-assembled gantry cranes, and loading and unloading bridges. Detailed rules for type testing of gantry cranes operating in special environments will be formulated separately.

Article 2 Technical Indicators and Reference Standards

The technical indicators and requirements of these regulations primarily reference the following standards:

• GBT 3811-1983 “Crane Design Specifications”
• GB 6067-1985 “Safety Regulations for Lifting Machinery”
• GBT 5905-1986 “Crane Test Specifications and Procedures”
• GB 10183-1988 “Tolerances for Manufacturing and Track Installation of Bridge and Gantry Cranes”

Other relevant national and industry standards for gantry cranes

If the above-mentioned relevant standards are revised, the latest standards shall apply.

Article 3 Prototype Requirements

Before a gantry crane type test prototype is put into testing, the manufacturer shall commission it in accordance with the requirements of the instruction manual and ensure that:

• The prototype is consistent with the design drawings;
• Safety protection devices required to undergo type testing have passed the type testing;
• Self-inspection has passed.

If, as required, the prototype is subject to supervisory inspection, the type testing shall be conducted based on the supervisory inspection items passing the inspection.

Article 4 Technical Data

When a gantry crane undergoes type testing, the manufacturer shall provide the following technical data on site:

1. Design documents, including general drawings, drawings of main load-bearing structural members, drawings of main components, and related calculation data;
2. Self-inspection reports, product quality certificates, and installation, operation, and maintenance instructions;
3. Type test certificates of safety protection devices;
4. Inspection records or certificates of compliance for main load-bearing structural members, main components, working mechanisms, operating mechanisms, and electrical and control systems;
5. Quality inspection documents for the manufacturing process;
6. Calculation and verification data for the rollover stability of the entire machine;
7. Manufacturing supervision inspection certificate (applicable to cases where manufacturing supervision inspection is required).

The general drawings, drawings of main load-bearing structural members, and drawings of main components of the prototype shall be signed by the manufacturer, the supervisory inspection agency, and the type testing agency, and sealed at the manufacturer. The supervisory inspection agency and the type testing agency shall retain only the general drawings and drawings of main load-bearing structural members.

Article 5 Test Conditions

When conducting type tests on gantry cranes, the test conditions must comply with the relevant provisions of the product industry and national standards and the corresponding product manual, and also meet the following requirements:

1. The test power source at the test site must be consistent with the design, with an operating voltage of generally 380V (with a tolerance of ±10%).
2. Tests should be conducted in rainless and snowless weather. For shore-side container cranes and shore grab unloaders, condensation and salt spray are permitted. The ambient temperature should generally be between 5°C and 40°C, with a relative humidity of no more than 85%. The altitude should generally not exceed 1000m, and the wind speed should not exceed 8.3m/s. During speed tests, the wind speed should not exceed 3m/s. Structural and other dimensional measurements should be conducted indoors or in an area shielded from sunlight and temperature fluctuations. The test shall be conducted under the influence of a fire;
3. The manufacturer shall provide the test load required for the test, with an accuracy of 1%;
4. The test site must be free of flammable, explosive, or corrosive gases. A safety cordon shall be established around the site, and safety management measures shall be implemented within the test site;
5. Special equipment operators participating in the test must comply with relevant regulations for special equipment operation;
6. The installation of crane running tracks shall comply with the requirements of GB10183 “Tolerances for the Manufacturing and Installation of Bridge and Gantry Cranes” (the manufacturer shall provide confirmation of this); the installation of running tracks for quayside container cranes and quayside grab ship unloaders shall comply with the requirements of JT5022 “Technical Conditions for the Installation of Port Crane Tracks” (the manufacturer shall provide confirmation of this).

Article 6 Instruments and Measuring Tools

The instruments and measuring tools used for gantry crane type tests shall be calibrated and within the validity period of the calibration. The main instruments and equipment used for the test are listed in Appendix 1.

Article 7 Test Items, Technical Requirements, and Test Methods

The test items, technical requirements, and test methods for gantry crane type tests shall be implemented in accordance with these Rules. Specific requirements are listed in Appendix 2 to Appendix 9.

Article 8: Partial Type Testing

For gantry cranes that have passed type testing, if the replacement of major components (or assemblies) affects the product’s functionality or safety performance, type testing of the relevant parts shall be conducted.

Article 9: Determination of Test Results

The principle for determining type test results for gantry cranes is as follows: All inspection and test items specified in these rules must pass, for the overall determination to be qualified. If any individual inspection and test item specified in these rules fails, the overall determination to be unqualified.

Article 10: Interpretation and Implementation of the Rules

The General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine of the People’s Republic of China shall be responsible for the interpretation of these rules. These rules shall come into force on the date of promulgation.